Buhler, W. Gauss: A Biographical Study (Gauss. Biograficheskoe issledovanie), 1989. In Russian.

Бюлер В. Гаусс. Биографическое исследование. / Пер. с англ. А. Л. Тоома; под ред. С. Г. Гиндикина.
Москва : Наука. Главная редакция физико-математической литературы, 1989.
208 с. : ил. Мягкий издательский переплёт, немного увеличенный формат.
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Buhler, W. Gauss: A Biographical Study (Gauss. Biograficheskoe issledovanie). / Translated from English by A. L. Toom; edited by S. G. Gindikin.
Moscow: Nauka. Main Editorial Board for Physics and Mathematics Literature, 1989.
208 pp.: ill. Softcover, slightly enlarged format. 

This 1989 volume represents the first full-length biography of Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) ever published in the Russian language. Known as the Princeps mathematicorum (Prince of Mathematicians), Gauss’s influence on the physical and mathematical sciences is nearly unparalleled. Written by Walter Buhler, this study moves away from the dry, technical cataloging of theorems, opting instead to provide a vivid, human-centric portrait of a man whose genius often stood in stark contrast to the turbulent world around him.
The biography meticulously places Gauss within the context of his time—an era defined by the Enlightenment, the Napoleonic Wars, and the industrial birth of the modern age. Buhler explores the "prodigy" years in Brunswick, the revolutionary impact of his Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, and his dramatic entry into astronomy with the recalculation of the orbit of the dwarf planet Ceres. The narrative balances these intellectual milestones with the realities of Gauss’s personal life, including his struggles with familial loss and his complex relationship with his children and contemporaries.
A significant strength of the book is how it introduces Gauss’s varied contributions—from number theory and the "Gaussian distribution" to his pioneering work in geodesy and magnetism. Buhler explains the significance of Gauss’s discovery of the construction of a regular 17-gon with a ruler and compass, a feat that decided his career path toward mathematics. The text also delves into his long-held secrets regarding non-Euclidean geometry, which he developed decades before Bolyai and Lobachevsky but chose not to publish.
The Russian edition, translated by A. L. Toom, is elevated by the scientific editing of the renowned historian of mathematics Semyon Gindikin. Their collaboration ensures that the mathematical nuances are handled with precision while maintaining the engaging, narrative flow of the original English text. For students of history, mathematicians, and those interested in the psychology of genius, this biography remains the most accessible and profound introduction to the life of the man who defined the mathematical landscape of the 19th century.