Zakaraya, P. Ancient Cities and Fortresses of Georgia (Drevniye goroda i kreposti Gruzii), 1982. In Russian.

Пармен Закарая. Древние города и крепости Грузии.
Тбилиси: Сабчота Сакартвело, 1982.
105 с., илл. Увеличенный формат. Твердый переплет в суперобложке.
***
Parmen Zakaraya.
Ancient Cities and Fortresses of Georgia (Drevniye goroda i kreposti Gruzii).
Tbilisi: Sabchota Sakartvelo, 1982.
105 pp., illus. Enlarged format. Hardcover in dust jacket.

This 1982 volume by the renowned scholar Parmen Zakaraya is a fundamental study of Georgian defensive and urban architecture. The text provides a deep dive into the internal logic of medieval fortification systems, including the arrangement of detailed analyses on typical fortress-cities, castles, enclosure fortresses, and free-standing towers. Zakaraya, the preeminent authority on Georgian fortifications, traces the evolution of these structures from the emergence of urban centers in early antiquity through the end of the 18th century. The work highlights the exceptional craftsmanship of Georgian architects who balanced strategic necessity with aesthetic form in some of the most challenging terrains of the Caucasus.  As a vital primary source, this volume documents the typology of military engineering and the socio-political factors that shaped the defensive landscape of Georgia over two millennia. Published in an enlarged format by "Sabchota Sakartvelo" and featuring numerous illustrations, this edition is a significant bibliographical rarity for medievalists, historians of architecture, and collectors of Caucasian academic literature.